"追随" meaning in All languages combined

See 追随 on Wiktionary

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi] Forms: 追随 [canonical] (ruby: (つい), (ずい)), tsuizui [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|ついずい}} 追(つい)随(ずい) • (tsuizui)
  1. following
    Sense id: en-追随-ja-noun-jQKI9DTy Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 58 42 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 89 11

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi]
Forms: 追随する [canonical] (ruby: (つい), (ずい)), tsuizui suru [romanization], 追随し [stem] (ruby: (つい), (ずい)), 追随した [past] (ruby: (つい), (ずい)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 追随し [error-unrecognized-form], ついずいし [error-unrecognized-form], tsuizui shi [error-unrecognized-form], 追随する [error-unrecognized-form], ついずいする [error-unrecognized-form], tsuizui suru [error-unrecognized-form], 追随すれ [error-unrecognized-form], ついずいすれ [error-unrecognized-form], tsuizui sure [error-unrecognized-form], 追随せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 追随しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], ついずいせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], ついずいしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], tsuizui seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], tsuizui shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 追随される [passive], ついずいされる [passive], tsuizui sareru [passive], 追随させる [causative], 追随さす [causative], ついずいさせる [causative], ついずいさす [causative], tsuizui saseru [causative], tsuizui sasu [causative], 追随できる [potential], ついずいできる [potential], tsuizui dekiru [potential], 追随しよう [volitional], ついずいしよう [volitional], tsuizui shiyō [volitional], 追随しない [negative], ついずいしない [negative], tsuizui shinai [negative], 追随せず [continuative, negative], ついずいせず [continuative, negative], tsuizui sezu [continuative, negative], 追随します [formal], ついずいします [formal], tsuizui shimasu [formal], 追随した [perfective], ついずいした [perfective], tsuizui shita [perfective], 追随して [conjunctive], ついずいして [conjunctive], tsuizui shite [conjunctive], 追随すれば [conditional, hypothetical], ついずいすれば [conditional, hypothetical], tsuizui sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to follow
    Sense id: en-追随-ja-verb-h8oRCcyX

Download JSON data for 追随 meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "追随",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ついずい"
      },
      "expansion": "追(つい)随(ずい) • (tsuizui)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "following"
      ],
      "id": "en-追随-ja-noun-jQKI9DTy",
      "links": [
        [
          "following",
          "following"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ついずい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "追随"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "追随する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随し",
      "roman": "tsuizui shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随した",
      "roman": "tsuizui shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to follow"
      ],
      "id": "en-追随-ja-verb-h8oRCcyX",
      "links": [
        [
          "follow",
          "follow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ついずい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "追随"
}
{
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "追隨"
  ],
  "word": "追随"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "追随",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ついずい"
      },
      "expansion": "追(つい)随(ずい) • (tsuizui)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "following"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "following",
          "following"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ついずい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "追随"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "追随する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随し",
      "roman": "tsuizui shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随した",
      "roman": "tsuizui shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "追",
          "つい"
        ],
        [
          "随",
          "ずい"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "追随すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ついずいすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tsuizui sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to follow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "follow",
          "follow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ついずい"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝizɨᵝi]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "追随"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "追随"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "追随",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.